The conventional bacterial culture method for Salmonella detection and identification consists of steps including bacteria isolation, biochemical identification, and serological confirmation tests. Therefore, the development of methods for rapid and effective Salmonella detection, as well as for the identification and subsequent mitigation of related foodborne illnesses is critically important due to the considerable health risk and economic impacts of these infections. Once Salmonella colonization in the intestine is completed, it can contaminate new food and water sources via the fecal-oral route. Infection usually occurs when food is contaminated by feces infected with Salmonella or through carriers, such as eggs, beef, milk, and water. Currently, FBDs caused by Salmonella are a serious food safety problem, leading to high morbidity and mortality rates, and huge economic losses in developing countries. Salmonella is a common gram-negative bacterium belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family, which can cause serious foodborne diseases (FBDs) in humans and animals. The novel PSR method is simple, sensitive, and rapid and provides new insights into the prevention and detection of foodborne diseases. The PSR method was also successfully applied to evaluate the contamination with Salmonella in 532 samples of daily food, corroborating traditional culture method data. Similarly with LAMP and real-time PCR, the detection limit of the PSR assay was 50 CFU/ml. However, none of the 13 non- Salmonella strains was amplified. Twenty-seven bacterial strains were tested in the specificity assay, from which positive results were obtained only for 14- Salmonella strains. A total number of 532 samples of daily food were analyzed by PSR. We performed comprehensive evaluations using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and realtime PCR. Subsequently, assays for determination of the optimal conditions for optimal specificity and sensitivity of PSR were performed. In this study, we established and validated a polymerase spiral reaction (PSR) assay which targeted the conserved invasion gene ( invA) of Salmonella by SYBR Green I indicator methods. Salmonella is a common zoonotic and foodborne pathogen that causes high morbidity and mortality in developing countries.

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